Rocco Royer #32 C Wittenberg

gp 39
avg .318
hr 13
rbi 49
r 45
sb 4
Recent Games
May 1 Muskingum W, 5-2
May 4 at #4 Denison L, 7-0
May 4 at #4 Denison
May 8 vs. Wabash W, 14-2
May 9 vs. Denison L, 6-2
May 9 vs. Wooster L, 3-2
Statistics category Overall Conf
Games 39 15
Plate appearances 179 74
At Bats 157 64
Runs 45 19
Hits 50 21
Doubles 5 -
Triples - -
Home Runs 13 8
Runs Batted In 49 25
Total bases 94 45
Walks 6 3
Hit by pitch 14 6
Strikeouts 32 14
Sacrifice Flies 1 1
Sacrifice Hits 1 -
Hit into double play - -
Stolen Bases 4 2
Caught Stealing 1 -
Batting Average .318 .328
On Base Percentage .393 .405
Slugging Percentage .599 .703
Appearances 0 0
Games started 0 0
Wins 0 0
Losses 0 0
Saves 0 0
Complete Games - -
Shutouts - -
Innings Pitched 0.0 0.0
Hits - -
Runs - -
Earned Runs - -
Walks - -
Strikeouts - -
Strikeouts per Game .00 .00
Doubles Allowed - -
Triples Allowed - -
WHIP - -
Home Runs Allows - -
At Bats Against - -
Batting Average Against - -
Earned Run Average 0.00 0.00
Wild pitches - -
Hit Batters - -
Balks - -
Sacrifice Flies Allowed - -
Sacrifice Hits Allowed - -
Total Chances 47 25
Put Outs 47 25
Assists 0 0
Errors 0 0
Fielding Percentage 1.000 1.000
Double Plays - -
Stolen Bases Allowed - -
Runners Caught Stealing - -
Runners Caught Stealing Percentage - -
Passed Balls - -
Catcher's Interference - -
Date Opponent Score ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs
Feb 22 Fredonia   - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 vs. #13 Baldwin Wallace W, 6-1 4 1 1 - - - 0 - 3 - -
Feb 26 vs. Bethany (W.V.) W, 3-1 4 0 1 - - - 0 - 1 - -
Feb 26 at Bethany (W.V.) L, 2-1 1 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Mar 1 vs. Immaculata W, 23-5 3 2 1 - - - 1 - - - -
Mar 1 at (RV) Shenandoah W, 11-1 3 1 0 - - - 2 - 1 - -
Mar 2 vs. SUNY Cortland L, 5-0 3 0 1 - - - 0 - 2 - -
Mar 5 at Centre   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 vs. Rhode Island Col. W, 7-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Bridgewater St. W, 2-0 3 0 2 - - - 0 - - 1 1
Mar 9 vs. Ursinus L, 7-1 2 0 1 1 - - 0 - - - -
Mar 10 vs. Manhattanville   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 12 at Mount St. Joseph W, 14-1 3 2 0 - - - 0 - 2 - -
Mar 14 vs. RV Case Western L, 12-11 5 1 1 - - - 0 1 1 - -
Mar 16 vs. Spalding W, 10-8 4 0 0 - - - 0 - 1 - -
Mar 18 at Wilmington (Ohio) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 at Adrian W, 10-5 4 2 2 - - 1 3 - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian W, 12-4 5 2 2 - - 1 1 - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian L, 19-14 4 4 4 1 - 2 6 - - - -
Mar 25 Wilmington (Ohio) W, 10-2 4 2 1 - - - 0 - - 1 -
Mar 26 Marietta W, 7-3 5 0 1 - - - 1 - 3 - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 5-2 5 2 1 - - 1 1 - 1 - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 22-2 4 3 4 - - 2 8 - - - -
Apr 2 Otterbein W, 12-11 5 2 2 - - - 1 - - - -
Apr 8 Franklin   - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 at Bluffton W, 9-0 3 2 2 2 - - 3 1 1 - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 2-0 4 0 0 - - - 0 - 2 - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 7-5 3 1 0 - - - 0 - 2 - -
Apr 16 Wabash W, 12-11 4 2 3 - - 1 1 1 - - -
Apr 16 Wabash L, 7-5 5 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 12-11 5 2 3 - - 2 5 - 1 - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 9-3 4 1 1 - - 1 3 - 2 - -
Apr 22 Heidelberg W, 19-10 5 2 1 - - - 2 - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 18-3 3 3 1 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 15-7 4 2 2 - - - 0 1 1 1 -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 14-8 4 1 1 - - 1 4 1 1 - -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 9-6 5 1 2 - - - 0 - - - -
Apr 27 (RV) Ohio Northern L, 11-4 4 1 2 - - - 1 1 - - -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-6 6 1 2 - - - 2 - 1 1 -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-4 6 0 1 - - - 1 - 2 - -
May 1 Muskingum W, 5-2 5 0 1 - - - 0 - 1 - -
May 4 at #4 Denison L, 7-0 2 0 0 - - - 0 - 1 - -
May 4 at #4 Denison   - - - - - - - - - - -
May 8 vs. Wabash W, 14-2 6 2 3 1 - 1 3 - 1 - -
May 9 vs. Denison L, 6-2 4 0 0 - - - 0 - 1 - -
May 9 vs. Wooster L, 3-2 4 0 0 - - - 0 - - - -
Date Opponent Score hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Feb 22 Fredonia   - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 vs. #13 Baldwin Wallace W, 6-1 1 - - 1 0 - - - - 5
Feb 26 vs. Bethany (W.V.) W, 3-1 - - - 1 0 - - 2 - 4
Feb 26 at Bethany (W.V.) L, 2-1 - - - 0 0 - 1 - - 1
Mar 1 vs. Immaculata W, 23-5 1 - - 1 0 - 2 - - 4
Mar 1 at (RV) Shenandoah W, 11-1 1 - - 0 0 - 2 - - 4
Mar 2 vs. SUNY Cortland L, 5-0 1 - - 1 0 - - - - 4
Mar 5 at Centre   - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 vs. Rhode Island Col. W, 7-5 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Bridgewater St. W, 2-0 - - - 2 0 - 1 - - 3
Mar 9 vs. Ursinus L, 7-1 - - 1 2 1 - 1 1 1.00 3
Mar 10 vs. Manhattanville   - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 12 at Mount St. Joseph W, 14-1 1 - - 0 0 - - - - 4
Mar 14 vs. RV Case Western L, 12-11 - - - 1 0 - 2 1 2.00 6
Mar 16 vs. Spalding W, 10-8 - - - 0 0 - - 3 - 4
Mar 18 at Wilmington (Ohio) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 at Adrian W, 10-5 1 - - 5 1 - 2 - - 5
Mar 22 Adrian W, 12-4 - - - 5 1 - 2 1 2.00 5
Mar 22 Adrian L, 19-14 1 - - 11 3 - - - - 5
Mar 25 Wilmington (Ohio) W, 10-2 - - - 1 0 - 2 - - 4
Mar 26 Marietta W, 7-3 - - - 1 0 - 1 - - 5
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 5-2 - - - 4 1 - 2 - - 5
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 22-2 - 1 - 10 2 - - 1 - 5
Apr 2 Otterbein W, 12-11 - - - 2 0 - 1 2 0.50 5
Apr 8 Franklin   - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 at Bluffton W, 9-0 - - - 4 2 - - - - 4
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 2-0 - - - 0 0 - - 2 - 4
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 7-5 1 - - 0 0 - 1 - - 4
Apr 16 Wabash W, 12-11 - - - 6 1 - 1 - - 5
Apr 16 Wabash L, 7-5 - - - 0 0 - - 5 - 5
Apr 18 Hiram W, 12-11 - - - 9 2 - - 1 - 5
Apr 18 Hiram W, 9-3 - - - 4 1 - - 1 - 4
Apr 22 Heidelberg W, 19-10 1 - - 1 0 - - 2 - 6
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 18-3 2 - - 1 0 - 1 1 1.00 5
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 15-7 1 - - 2 0 - - 1 - 6
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 14-8 1 - - 4 1 - - 2 - 6
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 9-6 - - - 2 0 - 1 2 0.50 5
Apr 27 (RV) Ohio Northern L, 11-4 - - - 2 0 - - 2 - 5
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-6 - - - 2 0 - 1 1 1.00 6
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-4 - - - 1 0 - 1 2 0.50 6
May 1 Muskingum W, 5-2 - - - 1 0 - 1 2 0.50 5
May 4 at #4 Denison L, 7-0 1 - - 0 0 - 1 - - 3
May 4 at #4 Denison   - - - - - - - - - -
May 8 vs. Wabash W, 14-2 - - - 7 2 - 1 1 1.00 6
May 9 vs. Denison L, 6-2 - - - 0 0 - 1 2 0.50 4
May 9 vs. Wooster L, 3-2 - - - 0 0 - 2 1 2.00 4
Date Opponent Score gs w l sv ip h r er era whip bb k hr
Feb 22 Fredonia   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 vs. #13 Baldwin Wallace W, 6-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Feb 26 vs. Bethany (W.V.) W, 3-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Feb 26 at Bethany (W.V.) L, 2-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 1 vs. Immaculata W, 23-5 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 1 at (RV) Shenandoah W, 11-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 2 vs. SUNY Cortland L, 5-0 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 5 at Centre   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 vs. Rhode Island Col. W, 7-5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Bridgewater St. W, 2-0 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Ursinus L, 7-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 10 vs. Manhattanville   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 12 at Mount St. Joseph W, 14-1 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 14 vs. RV Case Western L, 12-11 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 16 vs. Spalding W, 10-8 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 18 at Wilmington (Ohio) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 at Adrian W, 10-5 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian W, 12-4 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian L, 19-14 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 25 Wilmington (Ohio) W, 10-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 26 Marietta W, 7-3 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 5-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 22-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 2 Otterbein W, 12-11 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 8 Franklin   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 at Bluffton W, 9-0 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 2-0 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 7-5 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 16 Wabash W, 12-11 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 16 Wabash L, 7-5 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 12-11 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 9-3 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 22 Heidelberg W, 19-10 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 18-3 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 15-7 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 14-8 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 9-6 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 27 (RV) Ohio Northern L, 11-4 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-6 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-4 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
May 1 Muskingum W, 5-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
May 4 at #4 Denison L, 7-0 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
May 4 at #4 Denison   - - - - - - - - - - - - -
May 8 vs. Wabash W, 14-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
May 9 vs. Denison L, 6-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
May 9 vs. Wooster L, 3-2 0 0 0 0 0.0 - - - 0.00 - - - -
Date Opponent Score tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Feb 22 Fredonia   - - - - - - - - - - -
Feb 23 vs. #13 Baldwin Wallace W, 6-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Feb 26 vs. Bethany (W.V.) W, 3-1 3 3 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Feb 26 at Bethany (W.V.) L, 2-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 1 vs. Immaculata W, 23-5 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 1 at (RV) Shenandoah W, 11-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 2 vs. SUNY Cortland L, 5-0 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 5 at Centre   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 8 vs. Rhode Island Col. W, 7-5 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Bridgewater St. W, 2-0 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 9 vs. Ursinus L, 7-1 3 3 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 10 vs. Manhattanville   - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 12 at Mount St. Joseph W, 14-1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 14 vs. RV Case Western L, 12-11 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 16 vs. Spalding W, 10-8 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 18 at Wilmington (Ohio) W, 17-3 - - - - - - - - - - -
Mar 21 at Adrian W, 10-5 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian W, 12-4 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 22 Adrian L, 19-14 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 25 Wilmington (Ohio) W, 10-2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Mar 26 Marietta W, 7-3 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 5-2 4 4 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Mar 29 at DePauw W, 22-2 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 2 Otterbein W, 12-11 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 8 Franklin   - - - - - - - - - - -
Apr 9 at Bluffton W, 9-0 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 2-0 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 12 at Wooster L, 7-5 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 16 Wabash W, 12-11 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 16 Wabash L, 7-5 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 12-11 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 18 Hiram W, 9-3 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 22 Heidelberg W, 19-10 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 18-3 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 24 Kenyon W, 15-7 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 14-8 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 26 Ohio Wesleyan W, 9-6 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 27 (RV) Ohio Northern L, 11-4 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-6 5 5 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Apr 30 at Oberlin W, 14-4 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 1 Muskingum W, 5-2 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 4 at #4 Denison L, 7-0 3 3 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 4 at #4 Denison   - - - - - - - - - - -
May 8 vs. Wabash W, 14-2 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 9 vs. Denison L, 6-2 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 9 vs. Wooster L, 3-2 1 1 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
2021-22 4 3 1 1 - - - 0 - 1 - - .333 .500 .333
2022-23 21 70 23 30 5 - 5 23 4 5 1 - .429 .461 .714
2023-24 42 155 34 56 10 2 4 30 15 28 1 - .361 .433 .529
2024-25 39 157 45 50 5 - 13 49 6 32 4 1 .318 .393 .599
Total 106 385 103 137 20 2 22 102 25 66 6 1 .356 .422 .590
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
2021-22 4 1 - 1 1 0 - 1 1 1.00 5
2022-23 21 1 1 - 50 10 2 16 16 1.00 76
2023-24 42 6 2 - 82 16 6 34 29 1.17 178
2024-25 39 14 1 1 94 18 - 31 39 0.79 179
Total 106 22 4 2 227 44 8 82 85 0.96 438
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
2021-22 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
2022-23 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
2023-24 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
2024-25 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Total 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
2021-22 4 2 2 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
2022-23 21 125 118 7 0 1.000 - 13 2 .133 2 -
2023-24 42 117 103 6 8 .932 - 18 4 .182 2 -
2024-25 39 47 47 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Total 106 291 270 13 8 .973 - 31 6 .162 4 -
  g ab r h 2b 3b hr rbi bb k sb cs avg obp slg
Total 39 157 45 50 5 - 13 49 6 32 4 1 .318 .393 .599
Conference 15 64 19 21 - - 8 25 3 14 2 - .328 .405 .703
Exhibition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 
-
Home 16 71 25 27 1 - 8 25 4 9 2 - .380 .457 .732
Away 12 44 14 12 2 - 4 20 1 13 1 - .273 .353 .591
Neutral 11 42 6 11 2 - 1 4 1 10 1 1 .262 .326 .381
 
-
Wins 27 116 38 41 3 - 11 42 4 23 4 1 .353 .420 .664
Losses 12 41 7 9 2 - 2 7 2 9 - - .220 .319 .415
 
-
February 3 9 1 2 - - - 0 - 4 - - .222 .300 .222
March 15 57 21 21 2 - 7 23 1 11 2 1 .368 .431 .772
April 16 70 21 23 2 - 5 23 5 13 2 - .329 .420 .571
May 5 21 2 4 1 - 1 3 - 4 - - .190 .227 .381
  g hbp sf sh tb xbh hdp go fo go/fo pa
Total 39 14 1 1 94 18 - 31 39 0.79 179
Conference 15 6 1 - 45 8 - 9 19 0.47 74
Exhibition - - - - 0 0 - - - - 0
 
-
Home 16 6 - - 52 9 - 10 22 0.45 81
Away 12 5 1 - 26 6 - 11 6 1.83 51
Neutral 11 3 - 1 16 3 - 10 11 0.91 47
 
-
Wins 27 10 1 - 77 14 - 22 25 0.88 131
Losses 12 4 - 1 17 4 - 9 14 0.64 48
 
-
February 3 1 - - 2 0 - 1 2 0.50 10
March 15 6 1 1 44 9 - 17 7 2.43 66
April 16 6 - - 40 7 - 7 24 0.29 81
May 5 1 - - 8 2 - 6 6 1.00 22
  app gs w l sv cg ip h r er bb k k/9 hr era whip
Total 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Conference 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Exhibition - - - - - - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
 
-
Home 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Away 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Neutral 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
 
-
Wins 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
Losses 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
 
-
February 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
March 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
April 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
May 0 0 0 0 0 - 0.0 - - - - - .00 - 0.00 -
  g tc po a e fpct dp sba rcs rcs% pb ci
Total 39 47 47 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Conference 15 25 25 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Exhibition - 0 - - - - - - - - - -
 
-
Home 16 15 15 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Away 12 19 19 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Neutral 11 13 13 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
 
-
Wins 27 31 31 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
Losses 12 16 16 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
 
-
February 3 3 3 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
March 15 16 16 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
April 16 20 20 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -
May 5 8 8 0 0 1.000 - - - - - -